The present study was conducted with the objectives to estimate genetic variability for
different characters, to estimate heritability, genetic advance as per cent of mean for
identification of promising genotypes suited for direct seeded and transplanted condition in
rice. As varietal development for direct seeded rice has been neglected which may explain
why it has not become popular such comparison were made on uncertain rainfall conditions.
Analysis of variance indicated that the mean square due to between family were highly
significant for all characters under study under direct seeded and transplanted condition,
which revealed presence of significant genetic variability between the families. Intra class
correlation lead the interference that differences between family is large and each family
differentiated distinctly from the other at higher level in F 5 generation. High genotypic and
phenotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for grain yield plant -1 (g) and moderate for
others under direct seeded condition and moderate GCV and PCV was recorded for grain
yield plant -1 and moderate for others in transplanted condition. High heritability coupled with
genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for days to 50% flowering, days to
maturity, number of panicles plant -1 , number of spikelets panicle -1 , plant height (cm), number
of filled grains panicle -1 , 1000 grain weight (g), grain yield plant -1 (g) and moderate for others
in direct seeded and transplanted condition. This study, between-family variance was
prioritized during selection to enhance genetic superiority in grain yield. Out of twenty-six
families derived from thirteen crosses, seven families under direct seeding and nine families
under transplanted condition exhibited superior yield traits compared to the check. Notably,
six families demonstrated consistent superiority across both conditions.