<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><article>
  <title>Bio-efficacy of botanical and microbial pesticides against tetranychus urticae koch on okra in field condition</title>

      <doi>https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2025.13.04.305</doi>
  
  <authors>
          <author>
        <name>Swetalin Gouda</name>
                  <orcid>https://orcid.org/register</orcid>
              </author>
          <author>
        <name>Surendra Prasad</name>
                  <orcid>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1985-1312</orcid>
              </author>
          <author>
        <name>Udit Kumar</name>
                  <orcid>https://orcid.org/register</orcid>
              </author>
      </authors>

      <abstract><![CDATA[<p>A study was evaluated of various botanicals against two spotted spider mite on okra crop in Bihar during  summer 2022 and 2023. The combine effect of botanical and bio-pesticide against red spider mite shows best result  for Azadirachtin (50.30%), followed by NSKE (46.97%), Pongamia oil 2 EC (46.41%), Eucalyptus oil (41.80%),  neem oil (37.31%)<em>, Paecilomyces  fumosoroseus </em>(29.93%) stood middle of the all treatment.<em>Lecanicilium lecanii</em> (13.77 %)shows less per cent reduction of mite population (29.35%). The maximum yield (87.53 q/ha) was obtained in the plots treated with Azadirachtin 0.12 EC followed by NSKE (85.34 q/ha). The minimum yield of (71 q/ha<strong>) </strong>was obtained in the plots treated with <em>Lecanicilium</em><em> lecanii</em>. The maximum Benefit Cost Ratio was also calculated in Azadirachtin (3.33:1) followed by NSKE (3.28:1) and lowest Benefit Cost Ratio was observed in <em>Lecanicilium lecanii</em> (2.28:1).</p>
]]></abstract>
  
  <body><![CDATA[<div class="aatcc-article-container"><div class="aatcc-category-label">Original Research Article</div><div class="aatcc-meta-box"><div class="aatcc-authors-wrap"><span class="aatcc-author-item">Swetalin Gouda<sup>1</sup><a href="https://orcid.org/register" target="_blank">
                    <img decoding="async" src="https://orcid.org/sites/default/files/images/orcid_16x16.png" class="aatcc-orcid-icon">
                </a></span> <span class="aatcc-author-item">Surendra Prasad<sup>1</sup><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1985-1312" target="_blank">
                    <img decoding="async" src="https://orcid.org/sites/default/files/images/orcid_16x16.png" class="aatcc-orcid-icon">
                </a></span> <span class="aatcc-author-item">Udit Kumar<sup>2</sup><a href="https://orcid.org/register" target="_blank">
                    <img decoding="async" src="https://orcid.org/sites/default/files/images/orcid_16x16.png" class="aatcc-orcid-icon">
                </a></span></div><div class="aatcc-affiliations-wrap"><div class="aatcc-affiliation-item">
                        <sup>1</sup> Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India
                    </div><div class="aatcc-affiliation-item">
                        <sup>2</sup> Department of Horticulture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India
                    </div></div><div class="aatcc-doi-wrap">
            <a class="aatcc-doi-btn" href="https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2025.13.04.305" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2025.13.04.305</a>
        </div><div class="aatcc-abstract-section">
                <h3>Abstract</h3>
                <div class="aatcc-abstract-text"><p>A study was evaluated of various botanicals against two spotted spider mite on okra crop in Bihar during  summer 2022 and 2023. The combine effect of botanical and bio-pesticide against red spider mite shows best result  for Azadirachtin (50.30%), followed by NSKE (46.97%), Pongamia oil 2 EC (46.41%), Eucalyptus oil (41.80%),  neem oil (37.31%)<em>, Paecilomyces  fumosoroseus </em>(29.93%) stood middle of the all treatment.<em>Lecanicilium lecanii</em> (13.77 %)shows less per cent reduction of mite population (29.35%). The maximum yield (87.53 q/ha) was obtained in the plots treated with Azadirachtin 0.12 EC followed by NSKE (85.34 q/ha). The minimum yield of (71 q/ha<strong>) </strong>was obtained in the plots treated with <em>Lecanicilium</em><em> lecanii</em>. The maximum Benefit Cost Ratio was also calculated in Azadirachtin (3.33:1) followed by NSKE (3.28:1) and lowest Benefit Cost Ratio was observed in <em>Lecanicilium lecanii</em> (2.28:1).</p>
</div>
            </div><div class="aatcc-pdf-wrap">
            <a class="aatcc-pdf-btn" href="https://aatcc.peerjournals.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Bio-efficacy-of-botanical-and-microbial-pesticides-against-tetranychus-urticae-koch-on-okra-in-field-condition.pdf" target="_blank">View / Download PDF</a>
        </div></div></div>]]></body>
</article>
