<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><article>
  <title>Development and Standardization of Attitude scale to measure Livelihood Security of farmers in different agro-climatic zones of Telangana state</title>

      <doi>https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2024.12.04.483</doi>
  
  <authors>
      </authors>

      <abstract><![CDATA[<p>Livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets, and activities required as the means of living. A<br />
livelihood is considered secure when it can cope up with and recover from stress or shocks and<br />
maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets. Interpreting farmer’s attitude towards Livelihood<br />
security could be measured through attitude scale construction. In the current research study,<br />
efforts were directed towards the development and standardization of a scale to measure the<br />
livelihood security of the farmers in different agro-climatic zones of Telangana state. As a result,<br />
a highly reliable and valid scale was developed. Likert-type scale was developed with statements<br />
preparation and validation through juries’ method and relevancy score method. The scale was<br />
pretested in a non-sample area. Item analysis of 64 statements reduced to 22attitude statements in<br />
the final scale with accepted &quot;t&quot; values. The reliability test showed that the scale was reliable<br />
through Cronbach alpha value of 0.79 and the split-half reliability full test value was 0.82 after<br />
Spearman-Brown correction. The scale was found to be valid through content validity and a<br />
known group method test. The scale was administered to a sample of 120 farmers with a point<br />
continuum response. The farmers were categorized into five classes viz., least favorable, less<br />
favorable, favorable, highly favorable and very highly favorable attitudes. Measuring attitudes<br />
through a standardized scale of stakeholders facilitates future strategy and decision making by<br />
policy makers. It can be further validated in meeting future challenges of Sustainable Livelihood<br />
security.</p>
]]></abstract>
  
  <body><![CDATA[<div class="aatcc-article-container"><div class="aatcc-category-label">Original Research Article</div><div class="aatcc-meta-box"><div class="aatcc-doi-wrap">
            <a class="aatcc-doi-btn" href="https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2024.12.04.483" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.21276/AATCCReview.2024.12.04.483</a>
        </div><div class="aatcc-abstract-section">
                <h3>Abstract</h3>
                <div class="aatcc-abstract-text"><p>Livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets, and activities required as the means of living. A<br />
livelihood is considered secure when it can cope up with and recover from stress or shocks and<br />
maintain or enhance its capabilities and assets. Interpreting farmer’s attitude towards Livelihood<br />
security could be measured through attitude scale construction. In the current research study,<br />
efforts were directed towards the development and standardization of a scale to measure the<br />
livelihood security of the farmers in different agro-climatic zones of Telangana state. As a result,<br />
a highly reliable and valid scale was developed. Likert-type scale was developed with statements<br />
preparation and validation through juries’ method and relevancy score method. The scale was<br />
pretested in a non-sample area. Item analysis of 64 statements reduced to 22attitude statements in<br />
the final scale with accepted &quot;t&quot; values. The reliability test showed that the scale was reliable<br />
through Cronbach alpha value of 0.79 and the split-half reliability full test value was 0.82 after<br />
Spearman-Brown correction. The scale was found to be valid through content validity and a<br />
known group method test. The scale was administered to a sample of 120 farmers with a point<br />
continuum response. The farmers were categorized into five classes viz., least favorable, less<br />
favorable, favorable, highly favorable and very highly favorable attitudes. Measuring attitudes<br />
through a standardized scale of stakeholders facilitates future strategy and decision making by<br />
policy makers. It can be further validated in meeting future challenges of Sustainable Livelihood<br />
security.</p>
</div>
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