The study utilized the dimension of soil fertility/land fertility to measure the agricultural performance of small and marginal farmers. Likert-type summated rating scale technique was employed to assess the practices adopted by these farmers to enhance their agricultural performance through soil fertility. Garrett’s ranking technique was then utilized to rank the preference of respondents based on the most frequently adopted practices for soil fertility. The findings revealed that pre-plowing activity, stubble burning, deep plowing, and exposure to sun were the most frequently utilized practices by the respondents to improve soil fertility. This can be attributed to the small landholding size, low economic status, and indigenous knowledge of small and marginal farmers. The majority of the respondents have lower level of adoption of soil fertility practices. These findings contribute to easy understanding of the practices influencing soil fertility management among small-scale farmers and can inform the development of targeted interventions and support programs to enhance soil health in similar contexts.