Cyclogenesis and Odisha Coast, the Hotbed

Background: Recurrent tropical cyclones of thermal origin in the Bay of Bengal have consistent impairment to the 480km Odishacoasts of the east coast of India. The ascribing causes are fierce wind, torrential rain, and storm surge inundations. The sea surface temperature (>27⁰C), relative humidity, wind shear, Coriolis force, cyclonic disturbances, warm oceanic current, easterly trade wind, Indian Ocean Dipole, and upper air cyclonic circulation. Odisha receives a lion’s share of the slams of cyclones of the Bay of Bengal which is shattering its coastal inhabitants and the ecosystem.

Methodology and Results: The cyclone data of the India Meteorological Department from 1891 to 2022are analyzed statistically. The categorization, naming, and cause of slam of cyclonic disturbances in the Bay of Bengal particularly along the Odisha coast are debated in the present study. The favorable geological stratification, meteorological players, and coastal features of the Odisha coast are discussed. The trends in landfall of various types of cyclones and the storms that shall brew and grow over BoB fabric from 1980 to 2020 have been using a machine-learning model.

Conclusions: There is a decrease in cyclogenesis frequency but an increase in amplitude, intensity, and severity is the present trend along with a southerly shift of landfall along the east coast. The changes in the coastal corridor, the discrete Eastern Ghats belt, and its seaward retro gradation are the reason that the southwest monsoon brings with it high wind shear, which has allowed the cyclones to slam the Odisha coast instead of the Gangetic coast and Godavari region.