Nutritional Composition and Pesticide Residue Risk in Jujube Fruit: A Comprehensive Review of Benefits and Safety Concerns

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) possesses a notable historical significance in the realm of traditional medicine, particularly within the context of Chinese therapeutic methodologies, where it is esteemed for its multifaceted health benefits. Jujubum (Z. mauritiana L.) serves as a vital nutritional food source characterized by an extensive nutritional composition, demonstrating heightened levels of carbohydrates and proteins across various cultivars, thereby affirming its importance as a nutritious aliment. The current review is aimed at investigating the nutritional composition and health advantages associated with jujube, alongside the potential hazards related to pesticide residues found in the fruit. Findings suggest that most pesticide residues are within acceptable limits; however, ongoing monitoring and improved processing methods are vital for consumer health protection. Despite these results, the overall health risks associated with fruit consumption seem manageable, yet cumulative pesticide exposure risks necessitate enhanced agricultural practices and robust regulatory measures. Moreover, while most detected pesticides in the fruit are within acceptable levels, continuous monitoring and the implementation of strict oversight are essential for consumer safety, with an emphasis on educating consumers about its nutritional advantages. Research into jujube’s chemical composition and pesticide residue presence indicates significant deficiencies, particularly the absence of long-term studies examining changes over time. Consequently, this review is dedicated to exploring jujube’s nutritional composition and health benefits, alongside pesticide residue risks, providing valuable insights for producers, processors, and consumers.