In recent times, agriculture has become the primary foundation for all food-based products. Agriculture involves the cultivation of various crops, including pulses, which are essential to provide protein-rich food sources and enhance soil health through nitrogen fixation. Pulses come under the legume family. The mungbean (MB) (Vigna radiata L.) is an important pulse crop that significantly contributes to human nutrition and soil health. Moreover, MBs are high in nutrients along with antioxidants, which might provide health benefits. However, the relatively long growth duration of MBs, which delays the subsequent cropping cycle, presents challenges for its cultivation in Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems (RWCS). Mutations in MBs that happen early in maturity can make RWCSs much more effective by letting crops grow in succession more quickly and improving soil health by fixing nitrogen. So, the goal of this review paper is to look at how to genetically improve MB so that it matures quickly, using induced mutations that work for RWCSs. Similarly, this paper delves into the significance of MB for early maturity in rice-wheat (RW) systems, examines various physical and chemical mutagens for the development of early-maturing MB varieties, determines the LD50, and identifies desirable MB mutants that exhibit short duration, high yield, and synchronous maturity.